Transport in Plants

Transport in Plants

Transport in Plants: Like other animals, plants also need different types of nutrients to survive. It is essential for these nutrients to reach all parts of the plant. Plants get water and other minerals from the soil, which are absorbed by the roots and transported to different parts. On the other hand, food is made by plants through the process of photosynthesis in the leaves.

Trees and plants have two types of tissues for transport: these are xylem and phloem, both these tissues together carry various substances in plants from the root to the different parts and from the leaves where the food is prepared by the plants. transport to different parts, that is transport.

Transportation in Plants

• Plants have low energy needs, as they use a relatively slow transport system.
• A plant transport system transfers energy from leaves and raw materials to all its parts.
• The xylem (tissue) carries water and minerals from the soil to all other parts of the plant.
• Phloem (tissue) carries the products of photosynthesis from leaves (where they are synthesized) to other parts of the plant.

Mode of Transportation

Diffusion: Diffusion is the distribution of energy of molecules or ions of a gas, liquid, or solid from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Symptoms of Diffusion

• This is a slow process.
• It does not depend on the living system, it also acts on the physical system.
• The transport of gases in plants takes place by diffusion.
• It does not require energy.

Water acquisition method in plants:-

Plants get their entire water supply from the soil. The amount of water is different in different stages of the soil. And the amount of water in normal soil is about 25%.

Runaway water: This water comes to the soil from rain. The water which flows away from the slopes after rain, that water is not received by the plants present there and this flowing water calls runaway water.

Gravitational water: After the rain, some water permeates the groundwater level due to gravitational force, this water calls gravitational water. Plants are not able to absorb gravitational water because roots do not reach the groundwater level.

Water holding capacity of soil: The remaining water that remains in the soil even after the gravity water reaches the groundwater level in some quantity, that remaining water calls the territorial water holding of the soil.

Wilting

The bending of the plant on one side is called wilting. Plants wither due to a lack of water in a dry environment.

There are two types of wilting in plants:

• Temporary wilting
• Permanent wilting

Temporary Wilting

Plants wither due to excessive evaporation during the day due to the hot environment. And due to less evaporation at night, the plants come to their natural state, calls temporary wilting.

Permanent wilting

Plants Due to the very hot environment during the day, due to excessive evaporation, the leaves of the plant wither and there is a lack of water in the soil. Due to this, the leaves are not able to return to their natural state at night, which calls permanent wilting.

Water Movement in Plants

1. Water passes from the soil to the root and settles into the root xylem; Thereby creating a column of water, which is pushed progressively.
2. The evaporation of water molecules from the leaf cells creates a suction process; which draws water from the xylem cells of the roots; This process continues.
3. The loss of water from the plant in the form of vapor from the leaves (i.e. aerial parts) is known as transpiration.
4. Transpiration also helps in temperature regulation (in plants).
5. The transport of soluble products of photosynthesis is known as translocation; Which is in the part of vocal tissue known as phloem.
6. Along with the products of photosynthesis, phloem also transports amino acids and other substances; which are eventually carried to the roots, fruits, seeds and growing organs.