Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases
Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases: For common persons, communicable diseases can be fatal, if their prevention and control are not done at the proper time. To control these diseases is essential but it is more essential for us to pay attention to the aspect of prevention. As it is also said: Prevention is better than cure. If we take preventive measures in time then these diseases cannot attack an individual. The following are the proper remedies for the prevention and control of communicable diseases.
1. Information to the Health Department – If a person falls prey to such diseases, it becomes the moral duty of their family members or neighbors to inform the health department about it immediately, so that it may not spread elsewhere. Such information is very necessary in case of cholera, smallpox, malaria, and plague, etc. so the health department about it immediately, in order that it’s going to not spread elsewhere of these diseases immediately.
2. Isolation of Patients– When a member of a family falls prey to any such diseases, he/she must be isolated from other members of the family. He/She should be kept in a room where the least number of people could meet him. Only one or two persons should take care of him. In the same way, this should be done in hospitals also. If did so, it will be helpful for the prevention of communicable diseases.
3. Vaccination- Some communicable diseases can be prevented permanently by vaccination because vaccination increases the immunity power of an individual. After vaccination, the germs of such diseases as polio, cholera, smallpox, mumps, hepatitis, rubella, typhoid, and Diptheria, etc., do not affect the individual. It should be kept in mind that vaccination should be done in time.
4. Personal Cleanliness- Personal cleanliness plays an important role in the prevention and control of communicable diseases. Laying emphasis on the aspect of cleanliness, it is said that soap is a half-doctor. Usually, special attention is laid down upon the daily routine work such as after nature’s call, hands should be properly washed with soap. One should take a bath properly. Nails should be cut after a certain interval. Towels, comb, handkerchiefs, and utensils should be kept neat and clean. While coughing and sneezing, one should use a hanky. Hands should be washed properly before taking meals. So, it can be said that we can prevent various communicable diseases if we follow the above-mentioned points strictly.
5. Fumigation– It is a process through which houseflies, mosquitoes are destroyed. In this process, various gases are scattered in the local environment, which destroys mosquitoes and houseflies, etc. Fumigation is usually done before the organization of big festivals, where a lot of people are expected to arrive.
6. Chlorinated Drinking Water– Some communicable diseases are caused by. impure drinking water. If we want to prevent these diseases we should use chlorinated drinking water. Besides this, potassium permanganate can also be used for this purpose. If we do so, harmful germs of water can be destroyed at an early stage. In this way, we can prevent some of the communicable diseases, which are called waterborne diseases.
7. Arrangement of Cleanliness in Neighbourhood– Special attention should be given to the aspect of sanitation of the neighborhood. In the presence of sewage, waste, and garbage, various communicable diseases can spread in the neighborhood. So, the streets and drains should be kept neat and clean so that communicable diseases can be prevented.
8. Disinfection– The things used by the patient such as clothes, bed, and utensils, etc., must be disinfected by various disinfectants such as phenyl, lizol, carbolic acid, iodine, sulphur dioxide and formaldehyde, etc. The things used by the patient should not come in direct or indirect contact with the healthy persons prior to disinfection. If we follow the above-mentioned points, we can prevent communicable diseases to some extent.
9. Proper Education Regarding Communicable Diseases– All people should be educated regarding communicable diseases. Proper education regarding communicable diseases can be imparted through the means of T. V., Radio, Newspapers and educational institutions, etc. Through these means, sex education and knowledge about personal cleanliness can also be provided so that most Of people may be well aware of these diseases. These methods can be the most beneficial methods for preventing and controlling various communicable diseases.
