Electricity Class 10 Notes
Electricity Class 10 Notes: Students of class 10th can get the notes of Science (Chapter- Electricity) from this article and by which they can prepare for their exam better. Students appearing in class 10th can also get notes of other 10th science subjects on our page. Using Notes you can easily prepare for all the subjects. Now its time to learn about electricity
Electricity
The set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and flow of charges, calls electricity. It can neither be seen nor touch, it can only be felt by its effect.
Magnetism is a phenomenon associate with electricity. Electric charges create an electromagnetic field. Electric charges place in an electric field has a force. Electrons are the basis of electricity because electrons are light so they can move easily.
An object gets changes due to the transfer of electrons. The rate of movement of charge is the electric current. Electricity has many effects such as magnetic field, heat, chemical effect, etc
Frictional Electricity
Electricity produced by rubbing or friction, calls frictional electricity.
Electric Charge
There are two types of electric charge:
- positive charge
- negative charge
Positive Charge: When a glass rod is rubbed with a silk thread, the charge that it acquires is a positive charge.
Negative charge: When the rod of ebonite is rubbed with a woolen thread, the charge that it receives is a negative charge.
When there is a shortage of electrons, there is a positive charge and when there is an excess of electrons, a negative charge generates.
Electric current and Charge
When an electric charge flows through a conductor, it is said that there is an electric current in the conductor.
OR
The flow of electric charge, calls electric current.
Moving of Electrons
Electrons repel by the negative charge at the negative terminal of the battery and attractive to the positive charge at the positive terminal. When these electrons reach the positive terminals, they transfer inside the battery by a chemical reaction and come back to the negative terminal, so the electrons flow in the same way.
Conductor
Those substances which allow electric charge to flow easily through them are called conductors. For Example Copper, Silver, Aluminum, etc. The good conductors have a low resistance to the flow of current and the bad conductors have very high resistivity to the flow of current.
Conductivity
The property of a conductor which allows electric charge to flow inside it calls the radiance of that conductor.
Super-conductivity
The phenomenon that occurs in a conductor in which it has absolutely zero electrical resistance at a very low temperature, call superconductivity.
Insulator or Bad Conductor
Those substances which do not allow the electric current to flow through them are bad conductors of electricity. For example rubber, plastic, ebonite, glass, etc.
Coulomb ‘s Law
The force between two stationary point charges is directly proportional to the product of the quantities of the two charges and inversely proportional to the distance between them. This calls Coulomb’s law.
F ∝ q1q2 \ r2
(q1 first charge, and q2 second charge)
F = k q1q2 \ r2
Here k is a constant. Which is called dielectric point. its value 1\4πԐ0 it happens. Its unit is newton-meter2/coulomb2. now what
F = 1\4πԐ0 q1q2 \ r2
By experiment k (1\4πԐ0) The value of 9×109 N-m2/C2 is. Then Coulomb’s law
F = 9×109 q1q2 \ r2
The formula for Coulomb’s law:-
F = 1\ 4πԐ0 q1q2 \ r2
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